美國威斯康辛大學麥迪遜分校(University of Wisconsin–Madison)的資安研究人員團隊,近期發現一種攻擊方式,可以透過 Chrome 瀏覽器的擴充功能,竊取網站程式碼中儲存的使用者輸入密碼,且有不少擁有數百萬以上使用者的大型網站,將密碼以明文方式存在網頁 HTML 程式碼中。
該研究團隊已將其攻擊概念驗證程式編譯打包為 Google Chrome 擴充功能的格式,並上傳到 Chrome Web Store 中。
研究人員說,問題的根源在於開發人員在撰寫 Chrome 瀏覽器的擴充功能時,往往有個習慣性的做法,就是讓擴充功能能夠存取所有網頁會載入的 DOM 樹狀架構,而不會受到存取範圍的限制,因此導致擴充功能有機會存取到一些像是使用者輸入欄位之類的機敏資訊。
另外,擴充功能也可以濫用 DOM API 來跳過套用者網站上,用以保護機敏輸入資訊的各種資訊混淆機制,直接取得使用者輸入的值並加以竊取。
研究人員指出,雖然 Google 在 Manifest V3 協定已經針對 API 的取用加上限制,禁止擴充套件透過遠端取得程式碼的方式,來逃避資安偵測,並且避免以此方式遠端執行任意程式碼,但 Manifest V3 並未限制擴充套件存取網頁內容的範圍,所以仍存有上述可竊得使用者輸入資訊的問題。
研究人員進一步指出,許多使用者眾多的大型網站,都會把使用者密碼以明文存在HTML 源碼中,造成這類惡意擴充套件有可能竊得密碼;這些大型網站包括 gmail.com、cloudflare.com、facebook.com、citibank.com、irs.gov、capitalone.com、usenix.org、amazon.com 等。
建議網站開發人員應注意此問題,在撰寫程式碼時應嚴守資安最佳實務作法;使用者也應在各網站使用不同的強式密碼,並使用二階段登入驗證。
日本電腦網路危機處理暨協調中心 (JPCERT/CC) 日前發布資安警訊,指出一種全新駭侵攻擊方式;駭侵者利用嵌入在 PDF 檔中的惡意 Word 檔案來逃避防毒防駭軟體的偵測,成功發動攻擊。
JPCERT/CC 是在 2023 年 7 月開始觀察到利用這種技術發動的資安攻擊案例。該單位分享了一個樣本檔案,是一種集多種檔案格式於一身的特殊檔案,可以同時使用不同的軟體來開啟;多數的防毒防駭軟體,在對該樣本檔案進行掃瞄偵測時,會把該檔案當做是 PDF 檔,但該樣本檔同時也可以由 Microsoft Word 來開啟。
JPCERT/CC 指出,該樣本檔一旦由受害者以 Microsoft Word 開啟,即會執行其內含的 VBS 巨集,並且下載一個含有惡意軟體的 MSI 檔案,安裝在受害者的 Windows 系統中。
資安專家指出,駭侵者經常利用這種多合一格式檔案來放置內含 VBS 惡意巨集程式碼的 Word 檔案,由於掃毒軟體會把這種檔案當成相對無害的 PDF 檔,因此往往能成功避開系統上安裝的資安防護機制。
資安專家分析指出,雖然 JPCERT/CC 沒有進一步公開樣本檔內含的惡意軟體攻擊行為與方式,但一般來說,用戶可以在 Microsoft Office 相關設定中,停用巨集的自動執行功能,這樣就能夠阻止這類多合一格式惡意檔案的執行。
此外,還是有一些如 OLEVBA 之類的資安防護軟體,可以偵測到這類多合一格式的惡意檔案內含的惡意程式碼。
建議使用者避免開啟來路不明的任何檔案,系統管理者也應提防這類攻擊,在布署軟體時強制關閉 Office 巨集的自動執行。
We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking “Accept”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies.
This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.
Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously.
Cookie
Duration
Description
cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics
11 months
This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics".
cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional
11 months
The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional".
cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary
11 months
This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary".
cookielawinfo-checkbox-others
11 months
This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other.
cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance
11 months
This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance".
viewed_cookie_policy
11 months
The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data.
Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features.
Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors.
Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc.
Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads.